[debian-edu-commits] [Debian Wiki] Update of "DebianEdu/Documentation/Bullseye/Upgrades" by WolfgangSchweer

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The "DebianEdu/Documentation/Bullseye/Upgrades" page has been changed by WolfgangSchweer:
https://wiki.debian.org/DebianEdu/Documentation/Bullseye/Upgrades

Comment:
WIP: starting to work on Debian Edu Bullseye documentation as a copy with s/buster/bullseye/ and some other adjustments

New page:
= Upgrades =

<<TableOfContents(3)>>

/!\ Before reading this upgrade guide, please note that live updates to your production servers are carried out at your own risk. '''Debian Edu/Skolelinux comes with ABSOLUTELY NO WARRANTY, to the extent permitted by applicable law.''' 

Please read this chapter and the [[../Features|New features in Bullseye|]] chapter of this manual completely before attempting to upgrade.

== General notes on upgrading ==

Upgrading Debian from one distribution to the next is generally rather easy. For Debian Edu this is unfortunately not yet true as we modify configuration files in ways we shouldn't. (See Debian bug DebianBug:311188 for more information.) Upgrading is still possible but may require some work. 

In general, upgrading the servers is more difficult than the workstations and the main-server is the most difficult to upgrade.

If you want to be sure that after the upgrade everything works as before, you should test the upgrade on a test system or systems configured the same way as your production machines. There you can test the upgrade without risk and see if everything works as it should.

Make sure to also read the information about the current Debian Stable release in its [[https://www.debian.org/releases/stable/installmanual|installation manual]].

It may also be wise to wait a bit and keep running Oldstable for a few weeks longer, so that others can test the upgrade and document any problems they experience. The Oldstable release of Debian Edu will receive continued support for some time after the next Stable release, but when Debian [[https://www.debian.org/security/faq#lifespan|ceases support for Oldstable]], Debian Edu will necessarily do the same.

== Upgrades from Debian Edu Buster ==

/!\ Be prepared: make sure you have tested the upgrade from Buster in a test environment or have backups ready to be able to go back. 

Please note that the following recipe applies to a default Debian Edu main server installation (desktop=xfce, profiles Main Server, Workstation, LTSP Server). (For a general overview concerning Buster to Bullseye upgrade, see:
https://www.debian.org/releases/bullseye/releasenotes)

Don't use X, use a virtual console, log in as root.

If {{{apt}}} finishes with an error, try to fix it and/or run {{{apt -f install}}} and then {{{apt -y full-upgrade}}} once again.

=== Upgrading the main server ===

 * Start by making sure the current system is up-to-date:
{{{
apt update
apt full-upgrade
}}}

 * Cleanup the package cache:
{{{
apt clean
}}}

 * Make sure you have enough disk space. On both ''/usr'' and ''/var'' about 5 GiB free space will be needed temporarily. See the related [[DebianEdu/Documentation/Bullseye/HowTo/Administration#Resizing_Partitions|manual chapter]] for more information. 

 * Prepare and start the upgrade to Bullseye:
{{{
sed -i 's/buster/bullseye/g' /etc/apt/sources.list
export LC_ALL=C        # optional (to get English output)
apt update
apt full-upgrade
}}}	

 * apt-list-changes: be prepared for a lot of NEWS to read; press <return> to scroll down, <q> to leave the pager. All information will be mailed to root so that you can read it again (using ''mailx'' or ''mutt''). 

 * Read all debconf information carefully, choose 'keep your currently-installed version' unless stated differently below; in most cases hitting return will be fine.
  * restart services: Choose yes. 

 * Apply and adjust configuration: 
{{{
cf-agent -I -D installation
}}}

 * Get the new Debian Edu Bullseye artwork:
{{{
apt install debian-edu-artwork-bullseye
}}}	
 
 * After reboot, do some more cleanup:
FIXME {{{
apt purge linux-image-4.9.0-*
apt purge linux-headers-4.9.0-*
apt --purge autoremove
}}}

 * Check if the upgraded system works:

Reboot; log in as first user and test

 * if the GOsa² gui is working,
 * if one is able to connect LTSP clients and workstations,
 * if one can add/remove a netgroup membership of a system,
 * if one can send and receive internal email,
 * if one can manage printers,
 * and if other site specific things are working.

=== Upgrading a workstation ===

Do all the basic things like on the main-server and without doing the things not needed.

=== Upgrading LTSP chroots ===

FIXME LTSP 
Make sure you have enough disk space. LTSP uses Network Block Device (NBD).
The NBD image file size is about 4 GiB (default installation). If the image is updated, another 4 GiB for a temporary file are needed.

Also please note that the default LTSP architecture was i386 for Buster. See below how to create a chroot for 64-bit-PCs (amd64).

{{{
ltsp-chroot -m -a i386 apt update
ltsp-chroot -m -a i386 apt -y full-upgrade
sed -i 's/Buster/Bullseye/g' /opt/ltsp/i386/etc/apt/sources.list
ltsp-chroot -m -a i386 apt update
ltsp-chroot -m -a i386 apt -y full-upgrade
ltsp-chroot -m -a i386 apt -f install
ltsp-chroot -m -a i386 apt -y full-upgrade
}}}

 * Cleaning up:

{{{
ltsp-chroot -m -a i386 apt --purge autoremove
}}}

 * Update LTSP support on the server side:

{{{
ltsp-update-kernels
ltsp-update-sshkeys
ltsp-update-image
}}}

To save disk space, {{{ltsp-update-image -n}}} could be used instead; see {{{man ltsp-update-image}}}. 

=== Recreating an LTSP chroot ===

FIXME LTSP 
On the LTSP server(s) the LTSP chroot could also be recreated. The new chroot will still  support both thin-clients and diskless workstations. Please note: As of Bullseye, the LTSP chroot arch defaults to the one used for the server side.

Remove {{{/opt/ltsp/i386}}} (or {{{/opt/ltsp/amd64}}}, depending on your setup). If you have enough diskspace, consider backing it up. 

See {{{ltsp-build-client --help}}} and {{{ltsp-build-client --extra-help}}} for more information about options. The file ''/etc/ltsp/ltsp-build-client.conf'' contains some useful (commented) options.

Recreate the chroot by running {{{ltsp-build-client}}} as root.

=== Add additional LTSP chroot to support 64-bit-PC clients  ===

FIXME LTSP 
At least 20 GiB additional disk space on /opt is required.

 * Run "ltsp-build-client --arch amd64" to create chroot and NBD image.
 * Use "ldapvi -ZD '(cn=admin)'" to replace {{{i386}}} with {{{amd64}}} (dhcp statements in LDAP for one dedicated network).
 * Run "service isc-dhcp-server restart".
 * Edit /etc/debian-edu/pxeinstall.conf (set ltsparch=amd64).
 * Run 'debian-edu-pxeinstall' to regenerate the PXE menu.
 * Run 'service nbd-service restart' to serve the new NBD file.


== Upgrades from older Debian Edu / Skolelinux installations (before Buster) ==

To upgrade from any older release, you will need to upgrade to the Buster based Debian Edu release first, before you can follow the instructions provided above. Instructions are given in the [[DebianEdu/Documentation/Buster|Manual for Debian Edu Buster]] about how to upgrade to Buster from the previous release, Stretch. Likewise the Stretch manual describes how to upgrade from Jessie.

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