[java-policy] 09/198: Now retrieved from the DDP CVS
Emmanuel Bourg
ebourg-guest at moszumanska.debian.org
Wed Sep 23 07:49:24 UTC 2015
This is an automated email from the git hooks/post-receive script.
ebourg-guest pushed a commit to branch master
in repository java-policy.
commit 99c2595208ede6830c7e3de3e3312654f99554e6
Author: Stephane Bortzmeyer <bortz at debian.org>
Date: Thu Dec 7 14:17:28 2000 +0000
Now retrieved from the DDP CVS
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-<!doctype debiandoc system>
-
-<book>
-
-<titlepag>
-<title>Debian Java FAQ.</title>
-<author>
-<name>Javier Fern�ndez-Sanguino Pe�a </name>
-<email>jfs at computer.org</email>
-</author>
-<version><date>
-
-<abstract>
-Answers to Frequently Asked Questions on Debian
-and Java. Any changes to this FAQ are appreciated, please send them to the
-current maintainer.
-</abstract>
-
-<copyright>
-<copyrightsummary>Copyright © 1998,1999 Javier Fern�ndez-Sanguino
-Pe�a, The current FAQ has been made with tidbits of information from
-the debian-java mailing list and made available freely to all interested.</copyrightsummary>
-
-</titlepag>
-
-
-<toc>
-
-
-<chapt>Introduction
-<p>
-
-<sect>Introduction to this FAQ
-<P>This FAQ was started by Javier Fern�ndez-Sanguino who on
-Feb 1st, 2000 was (bold?) enough to send a message to the debian-java
-mailing list with the subject "How about a Debian-Java-FAQ?". Of
-course, since "every idea is a responsability" he had to do this himself
-looking through the three month-long archive of the newborn mailing list.
-<p>The purpose of this FAQ is to be a place to look for all kind of
-question a developer or user might have regarding Java as far as Debian
-is concerned, it includes license issues, development packages available,
-and programs related to building a Free Software Java environment.
-<p> Thanks go to all the (many) contributors from the debian-java mailing list,
-who have made this document possible. Without their knowledge this
-FAQ would not be at all possible since I only have a vague knowledge
-of what they're talking about when I browse the list.
-
-<sect>What is java?
-<p>
-Java is a strongly-typed platform-independant object-oriented programming
-language often associated with the World Wide Web. Java was developed by Sun
-Microsystems for embedded applications, but has since grown to become a
-general-purpose programming language. Java source code can either be
-compiled to a machine-independant byte-code that can be run by java virtual
-machines, or it can be compiled directly to executable code for any number
-of platforms, including Linux, Win32, and others.
-
-A common API, shipped with all commercial java development environments,
-provides socket support, a graphical user interface widget set, graphical
-drawing tools, standard IO, events, math, database interfaces, and
-multithreading, to name a few.
-
-The multithreading support can happen either in kernel threads or user
-threads, depending on the implementation of the java virtual machine used.
-<sect>Why would I be interested in Java?
-<p>
-TODO
-
-<sect>What is a JIT?
-<p>
-Acronym for Just In Time, A VM plugin to speed up VM execution by
-compiling bytecode to native machine code.
-
-<sect>Where can I read more about Java?
-<p>
-Of course, <url id="http://java.sun.com"> would be the first place to
-read information on Java, right from the company who started
-it. However good places for Java and Linux could be:
-
-
-<list>
-<item>Enterprise in a Nutshell by Gary Meyer, at <url id="
-http://www.linuxdoc.org/HOWTO/Enterprise-Java-for-Linux-HOWTO.html">. Explains
-how to set up an environment including JDK, web server, Java servlets,
-JDBC access to a database and EJBs. If you are interested read also
-Java Enterprise in a Nutshell at <url
-id="http://www.oreilly.com/catalog/jentnut/">.
-
-
-<item>The Linux Journal Magazine, the following articles might be
-worth reading:
-<list>
-<item>Issue 66 <url
-id="http://www.linuxjournal.com/lj-issues/issue66/3119.html"
-name="Java servlets"> and <url
-id="http://www.linuxjournal.com/lj-issues/issue66/3224.html"
-name="Java 2 SDK">.
-
-<item>Issue 45 <url
-id="http://www.linuxdoc.org/LDP/LG/issue45/gibbs/Linux_java.html">
-<item>Issue 33 <url id="http://www.linuxdoc.org/LDP/LG/issue33/burtch.html">
-<item>Issue 32 <url id="http://www.linuxdoc.org/LDP/LG/issue32/rojansky.html">
-<item>Issue 25 <url id="http://www.linuxdoc.org/LDP/LG/issue29/hamilton.html">
-</list>
-
-
-<item>Linux users worlwide includes information on how to use Java an
-Linux <url id="http://linuxusers.webprovider.com">.
-
-<item>Linux Java Tips and Hints at <url
-id="http://www.parnasse.com/java.shtml">.
-
-
-
-<item>The Java and Linux Page <url id="http://www.geocities.com/SiliconValley/Platform/8187/java/Linux_java.html">
-
-<item>The Java-CGI HOWTO from David H. Silber. <url
-id="http://www.linuxdoc.org/HOWTO/Java-CGI-HOWTO.html">. Explains how
-to set up your server to run Java CGIs. Maybe it is worth looking at
-servlets.
-
-</list>
-
-Other sites regarding Java would be:
-<list>
-<item>The Java Lobby <url id="http://www.javalobby.org">.
-
-
-<item>Brewing Java: a tutorial at <url
-id="http://metalab.unc.edu/javafaq/javatutorial.html">.
-
-</list>
-
-If you are browsing the web for free Java information try starting with <url
-id="http://members.tripod.com/~mpTOOLS/ring.html" name="Open-Source Java">
-, if you are looking for applets with source code look at <url
-id="http://javaboutique.internet.com/javasource.html">. Check also
-<ref id="free">
-
-
-<sect>Status of Java in Debian
-<P>
-
- The first thing you should understand about the design strategy of Debian
-is that our goal is to produce a 100% Free software platform. In that
-sense, some of these tools are not available in the standard Debian
-distribution for licensing reasons as opposed to some technical
-motivation.
-
-<p>That said, basically all of the technologies you might ask about can
-be or are available for Debian immediately. In order to usefully
-answer your questions, however, here you have a status from an Open
-Source availability perspective.
-
-<p>If you are <em>really</em> interested, read the following:
-<url id="http://www.debian.org/Lists-Archives/debian-java-9912/msg00015.html"> and
-<url id="http://www.debian.org/Lists-Archives/debian-java-9910/msg00017.html">. This
-section is a summary of the information therein.
-
-<sect1>Java1 compiler (.java to .class)
-<p>There is the Kopi Java Compiler written
-in Java. And the super fast Jikes written in C++.
-<p>Gcj can also compile .java to .class. CVS version currently
-does handle inner classes, as well as any other jdk 1.1 constructs,
-but might not be able to compile a complicated program like the
-XSL processor xt.
- It is written in C, so is reasonably fast. It generates reasonably
-good bytecode. And
-of course being able to use the same compiler for .java to .class and
-.java to native has its advantages.
-
-
-<sect1>Java1 JVM/JIT
-<p>Kaffe 1.0.5 is largely feature complete and now includes support for
- RMI. It is not clear as to whether Kaffe's serialization is "pin compatible"
- with Sun's implementation in all cases so there may be
- interoperation issues in some casses. Kaffe comes with a big class library.
-<p>Japhar is also available.
-<p>libgcj (the run-time library for gcj) now includes an interpreter
-and ClassLoader.
-<p>tya, a JIT compiler is also available.
-
-<sect1>Java1 native compiler
-<p>GCC, the Gnu Compiler Collection comes with GCJ, the Gnu Compiler for Java
-
-<sect1>Java2 native compiler
-<p>It is unclear whether native compiler refers to the adaptive JIT
- capabilities in Java2 or to a compiler that understands Java2
- semantics. In either case, Kaffe's JIT strategy is not adaptive but
- is still performant and becoming more so and it is believed IBM's Jikes
- compiler understands Java2 concepts such as weak references.
-
-<sect1>Java2 foundation libraries
-
-<p>Many of these components have been cloned under a Free Software
-license. Kaffe provides many of these routines, including an
-up-to-date RMI implementation. There are, however, definitely
-shortcomings. Swing, as far as I know, has not been cloned.
-
-<sect1>Debugger (jdb equivalent)
-<p>Debian has no debugger currently.
-
-<p>Gdb can debug code produced by Gcj. Stuart Grossman (Cygnus) also
-wrote support for Gdb to debug other VMs using JVMDI. This has not
-been released, because the Gdb internals were changed at the same
-time, and no-one has had time to re-integrate the changes. We can
-probably get Cygnus to release the old code, if someone wants to look
-into getting this stuff working with the current Gdb internals. (A
-non-trivial job.) <p>See <url
-id="http://sourceware.cygnus.com/java/gdb.html"> on how to debug
-gcj-compiled Java programs.
-
-<sect2>What free edit-interactive/graphical debugging tools are available on
-Debian?
-<p>jde, ddd, more?
-<sect2>Known problems
-<p>My version of <prgn>jdb</prgn> (jdb version 98/01/06) terminates after a program
-finishes execution, and I have to reset every breakpoint if I want to run
-through the program again. This makes using jdb extremely frustrating. Jdb
-also can't (easily) print the values in an array which is more than three
-elements long. Ddd lets me work around both of these annoyances.
-
-<p><prgn>ddd</prgn> 3.1 and earlier would "hang" when receiving certain prompts with
-wierd thread names from jdb. This made it very hard to use ddd with jdb.
-This has been fixed in ddd 3.2. It doesn't look like ddd 3.2 has been
-packaged yet. I suspect the current packaged version of ddd won't work
-well with jdb.
-
-
-<sect1>Appletviewer tool
-<p>There are some alternatives for an appletviewer tool:
-
-<list>
-<item>Blackdown's appletviewer (in jdk1.1).
-<item>Kaffe's appletviewer.
-<item>Ibm's appletviewer (in ibm-jdk).
-</list>
-
-<sect1>Jar tool
-<p><package>FastJar</package> which is indeed very fast.
-
-<sect1>Javadoc tool
-<p><package>doc++</package> can work with C++ and Java.
-
-<sect1>Enterprise Java Beans (EJB)
-<p>There is activity in this area, the most noteworthy being the Open
- Source EJB implementation from Bull in France called Jonas. I have
- done some work with this system and it provides a good start towards
- a full EJB feature set. In particular, it provides a transaction
- monitor and a container based persistance implementation. I have
- used this system on Linux with free databases such as Postgresql. I
- have not been able to get the system fully operational on Kaffe.
- Additionally, the system depends on many Sun APIs which have not
- been cloned (JTA, JNDI, and EJB itself).
-
-<sect1>JAIN
-<P>
- It seems to be a system for
- controlling large scale, integrated communications infrastructures
- and modeling events with such networks via the JavaBeans API. The
- scale of this effort seems very large and encompasses the work of
- many organizations. The work is very new and seems to tie into Sun's
- SCSL strategy, which leads us me to believe that there is not
- much in the way of Open Source options in this area. However, some
- protocols such as H.323 are genuinely open and are even cloned so it
- is possible that chunks of the JAIN system may exist in a scattered
- manner. We have no knowledge of a serious Free Software
- implementation of RTP or the H.323 infrastructures in Java.
-
-<sect1>Jini
-<p> Jini presents an especially pronounced Free Software problem. Jini is
- only available as source from Sun and that source is only available
- under the SCSL. The SCSL is not compatible in any sense with either
- the legal mechanics or the political spirit of Free Software. The
- SCSL also makes cloning the API of an SCSL implementation illegal
- which precludes even a clean room replication of Jini. If you are
- interested in tuple space type implementations there are Open
- Source options.
-
-
-<chapt>Java development
-<p>
-<sect>What java development platforms are available in Debian?
-<p>
-<list>
-<item>Sun's jdk 1.1 (port made by Blackdown <url id="www.blackdown.org">)
-<item><prgn>kaffe</prgn>.
-<item>ibm's jdk (see <ref id="installer">)
-</list>
-
-<sect id="free">What free platforms are there and how can I contribute?
-<p>
-Please help one of the Free Java implementations if you want to use Java
-in Debian. There are a lot of projects that you can choose from:
-<list>
-
-<item>kaffe: <url id="http://www.kaffe.org"> or <url id="http://www.transvirtual.com">.
-
-<item>Japhar: <url id="http://www.japhar.org">. The Java virtual
-machine of "Hungry Programmer". More info in <url id="http://www.hungry.com/products/japhar">.
-
-<item>gcj and libgcj: <url id="http://sourceware.cygnus.com/java/">
-
-<item>jikes: <url id="http://www.research.ibm.com/jikes/">. A fast
-compiler written in C++ (check also <url
-id="http://www10.software.ibm.com/developerworks/opensource/jikes/">).
-(The new license seems to be finally really free)
-
-<item>kopi: <url id="http://www.dms.at/kjc/">.Yet Another Free Java
-Compiler, this time written in Java, and GPL. Included in Kaffe since
-release 1.0.5.
-
-<item>FastJar <url id="http://fastjar.sourceforge.net/">, as a jar
-tool. (this link seems to be broken, anyone?)
-
-<item>Classpath <url id="http://www.gnu.org/software/classpath/"> or
-<url id="http://www.classpath.org">. Most of the Standard classes for
-Java 1.2 (except Swing and RMI) are implemented by the ClassPath
-project, it tries to build an alternative to jdk's 1.2 core classes.
-
-
-
-<item>Most of the RMI classes are implemented by NinjaRMI
-<url id="http://www.cs.berkeley.edu/~mdw/proj/ninja/ninjarmi.html">
-
-<item>Autoconf macros <url
-id="http://www.internatif.org/bortzmeyer/autoconf-Java/"> helps easy
-recompilation of Java programs. <item>Mauve <url
-id="http://sourceware.cygnus.com/mauve/"> is a free suite to test if
-these tools are 'compliant'.
-
-
-</list>
-<p>There is a list on free java at <url id="http://www.lists.deus.net/mailman/listinfo/free-java">, also look <url id="http://www.gnu.org/software/java/"> for information about Free Java.
-
-<sect>Questions on commercial platforms and license concerns
-
-<sect1>JDK1.2
-<p>
-<sect2>Why is Sun's jdk 1.2 not available?
-<P>
-Due to license problems. Clause 2 of the <url id="http://www.sun.com/software/communitysource/java2/license.html" name="license"> (check also the
-<url id="http://www.sun.com/software/communitysource/faq.html" name="FAQ">) that comes with is says:
-<example>
-Software is confidential and copyrighted. Title to Software and all
-associated intellectual property rights is retained by Sun and/or its
-licensors. Except as specifically authorized in any Supplemental License
-Terms, you may not make copies of Software, other than a single copy of
-Software for archival purposes.
-</example>
-
-<sect2 id="scsl">What are the problems with Suns' new license?
-<p>Sun has moved to a new license the <em>Sun
-Community License</em>, like the GPL it is a viral license, but making
-all it touches subject to Sun licensing fee. The SCSL even goes so far as to
-define any implementation of a Sun specification as a "Modified Work".
-Basically, this means that if you implement any part of the new 1.2 API
-or Jini API, even from scratch, Sun will "own" your implementation and you
-will have to pay them for the right to use it.
-<example>
-13. "Modification(s)" means (i) any change to Covered Code;
- (ii) any new file or other representation of computer
- program statements that contains any portion of Covered
- Code; and/or (iii) any new Source Code implementing any
- portion of the Specifications.
-</example>
-<sect2> What is the SCSL?
-<P>
- The SCSL is the "Sun Community Software License" that can be found
- <url id="http://java.sun.com/communitysource/">. It is not
- compatible with Free Software for several reasons, and agreeing to
- this license (e.g. by downloading source covered by the SCSL) will
- make it impossible for you to contribute to free software clean-room
- implementations. According to Sun, this includes using documentation
- and API specifications available only under SCSL.
-
-<P> To quote one open source developer, the SCSL is "about as
- free as the former Soviet Union".
-
-<sect2>Can I use jdk1.2 while working with the free java implementations?
-<p>
- Clause 1 of the Supplemental License Terms says:
-<example>
- [You] may not create, or authorize your licensees to create
- additional classes, interfaces, or subpackages that are contained in
- the "java" or "sun" packages or similar as specified by Sun in any
- class file naming convention;
-</example>
-<p>Which seems to prevent one from making his own implementation of the
-standard java classes using the JDK.
-
-<sect2>Why is (some) free software not implementing Java2?
-<P>
- Sun has made public statements in connection with their legal
- strategy in the Sun-Microsoft lawsuit that indicate that the
- company considers the published specifications of Java2 to be
- intellectual property that can not legally be used by persons
- involved in efforts to create Java2 clean-room implementations.
- For this reason, some open source projects have decided to not
- implement Java2 any time soon. One example is Kaffe. Some
- projects (like the Japhar/Classpath project) have decided to
- challenge Sun's legal position and are going ahead with Java2.
-
-
-<sect1 id="ibm-jdk1.1">IBM's jdk1.1
-<P>
-<sect2>Can Debian distribute IBM's jdk1.1?
-<p>
-It seems not. It has the following license:
-<example>
-Program Code
-
-Consists of the IBM Developer Kit for Linux(R), Java(TM) Technology Edition,
-Version 1.1.8, in Binary Code form, as modified by IBM to run on the RedHat(R)
-6.0 Linux or Caldera(R) OpenLinux 2.2 Operating systems. The Program Code
-consists of the Java virtual machine, the Java platform core classes and
-supporting files (also known as the Java Runtime Environment or JRE) Java Tool
-Kit, Documentation and Java Samples. Program Code may include soft copy
-documentation, readme files, program data and such like.
-
-
-You may only use the Program Code if you are a current licensee of Redhat 6.0
-Linux or Caldera OpenLinux 2.2 Operating systems and the Program Code may only
-be used in conjunction with such products.
-</example>
-<p>See bug #54641 for an issue about IBM JDK. You can dowload it from
-<url id="http://www.ibm.com/java/jdk/118/linux">.
-
-<sect2>Is it possible to obtain a licence for Debian 2.1?
-<p>It would still be non-free, because of item 8 in the DFSG "License Must Not Be
-Specific to Debian".
-
-<sect1>JRE
-<p>
-<sect2>Can Debian distribute JRE?
-<p>
-(from <url id="http://www.debian.org/Lists-Archives/debian-java-9908/msg00021.html">)
-I don't think we can or want to distribute the JRE with Debian.
-The supplemental license terms of the JRE has a few very nasty clauses:
-<example>
- 1. License to Distribute. You are granted a royalty-free right to
- reproduce and distribute the Software provided that you: (i)distribute
- the Software complete and unmodified, only as part of, and for the
- sole purpose of running, your Java applet or application ("Program")
- into which the Software is incorporated;
-</example>
-<p>We might get away with this one since we distribute it together with
-Java applications bundled with Debian. But we also do want to allow people
-to download only the jre package.
-<example>
- (ii) do not distribute additional software intended to replace any
- component(s) of the Software;
-</example>
-<p>But we cannot agree to this one. We want to distribute Kaffe, Japhar,
-Classpath, Gcj, Kopi, Fastjar, etc which are intended to replace the JRE
-with a Free version. Even if we don't consider non-free part of Debian
-(the JRE would not go into main :) I think we should not encourage software
-that tries to prevent Free replacements.
-<example>
- [...] (v) may not create, or authorize your licensees to create additional
- classes, interfaces, or subpackages that are contained in the "java" or
- "sun" packages or similar as specified by Sun in any class file naming
- convention;
-</example>
-<p>My example why this is a bad clause was not so good since someone pointed
-out that you do not want to create something that is non standard. I do
-agree that we want a standard implementation of the core classes, but I
-also think that you should have the freedom to create non-standard classes.
-(Or fix bugs or stupid mistakes in the standard classes.)
-<example>
- [...] and(vii) agree to indemnify, hold harmless, and defend Sun and its
- licensors from and against any claims or lawsuits, including attorneys'
- fees, that arise or result from the use or distribution of the Program.
-</example>
-<p>And I don't think that Debian (or SPI) can or wants to do that.
-
-<p>So I am afraid that we also cannot distribute the Sun or Blackdown JRE.
-This isn't that bad since it is non-free software, but it is annoying.
-As I said before please help one of the (many) Free Java projects out there
-if you want to see a Free JVM, Standard Classes, Compiler, etc. in Debian.
-They are far from complete but they do work for most purposes
-
-<sect1>GPL or LGPL?
-<p>
- Java uses dynamic linking at runtime. Using the reflection
- API and class loading, the linking can be completely data
- driven, specifying classes and methods by name. This moves
- the legal issues of using GPL'ed Java code into the user's
- hands, as a violation of the GPL can not be proven from the
- executable itself. Unlike plugins, Java classes do not even
- have to have a specific structure to be used in such ways.
- By using native methods and selecting DLL's at runtime,
- this problem might also affect native code.
-<P>
- Example: a GPL'ed Java dependency checker using the
- reflection API. Java's runtime linkage, in particular the
- reflection API, blurrs the lines between code and data
- even more than e.g. native plugins.
-<P>
- If you want to write Java code that can be used without
- the user having to worry about licensing issues, consider
- using the Lesser GPL (LPGL). If you want to avoid seeing
- your classes and packages being used by non-free software,
-
-
-<chapt>Java Compilers
-<p>
-<sect>What Java compilers are available in Debian?
-<p>
-<list>
-<item><package>guavac</package>. The compiler of Effective Edge Technologies. This compiler is orphaned upstream, for real work use gcj or jikes.
-<item><package>tya</package>. A just in time compiler, used to compile java to byte code.
-<item><package>jikes</package>.
-<item><package>bock</package>. Java to C compiler.
-<item><package>gcj</package>. Compiles Java source to native code, also source to bytecode, or bytecode to native code.
-<item><package>gck</package>. Is this available?
-<item><prgn>kjc</prgn> is included in <prgn>kaffe</prgn> 1.0.5. There currently is no separate package.
-</list>
-
-<chapt>Java Virtual Machines (JVM)
-<p>
-<sect>What jvms work in Debian?
-
-<p>Currently Sun's jdk and Ibm's jdk work in Debian. (But, for simple
-programs such as the ones used for teaching, the free kaffe VM may be enough.
-Another solution is to use gcj and to compile to native code, thus solving the
-VM problem.)
-
-
-<sect>What free JVMs are available in Debian?
-<p>
-<list>
-<item><package>kaffe</package>. Cannot run all programs, although it is alleged to run Jigsaw (a 10Mb distribution) see <url id="http://www.de.debian.org/Lists-Archives/debian-java-9911/msg00038.html">.
-</list>
-<sect>Are there known problems?
-<p>
-<list>
-<item>Kaffe loops endlessly on the XML parsing.
-</list>
-
-<chapt>Java-related programs
-<p>
-<sect>What java related programs are available in Debian?
-<p>
-<sect1>Deban 2.1 'slink'
-<p>
-<list>
-<item><package>vrwave</package>. A Java VRML browser.
-<item><package>icq-java</package>. An installer
-for the ICQJava program.
-<item><package>jde</package>. A Java Development
-Enviroment for Emacs <url id="http://sunsite.auc.dk/jde">.
-<item><package>jlex</package>. A lexical analyser generator similar to the UNIX <prgn>lex</prgn>.
-<item><package>mmake</package>. A generator of Makefiles for java
-programs. More info at <url id="http://www.tildeslash.com/mmake">
-<item><package>libpgjava</package>. A java class that
-enables communication with the PostgreSQL database using JDBC.
-<item><package>cup</package>. A parser similar to
-<prgn>yacc</prgn>.
-<item><package>ilu-javadev</package>. Development
-header and libraries for the Inter-Language Unification System.
-</list>
-
-
-<sect2>I've installed the latest jde package...what I have to do to let Emacs enter jde-mode automatically when loading a Java source file?
-<p>As explained in /usr/doc/jde/README.Debian, all that is required is
-putting
-<tt>
- (require 'jde)
-</tt>
-into your <file>~/.emacs</file> file.
-<p>Note that other add-on packages to Emacs are not enabled by default
-either, e.g., AucTeX.
-
-<sect1>Debian 2.2 'potato'
-<p>
-<list>
-
-<item>Libraries
-<list>
-<item> lib-fop-java
-<item> lib-gnu.getopt-java
-<item> lib-gnu.regexp-java
-<item> lib-openxml-java
-<item> lib-rxtx-java
-<item> lib-sax-java
-<item> lib-xp-java
-<item> lib-xslp-java
-<item> lib-xt-java
-<item> lib-dom-java
-<item> libpgjava
-<item> libgcj0
-</list>
-
-
-<item><package>bock</package> Bootstrap-only compiler kit for a subset of Java(tm)
-
-<item><package>doc++</package>. A documentation system for C/C++ and Java
-
-<item><package>fastjar</package>
-a complete replacement for the jar utility
-written in C under the GPL <url id="http://www.engr.orst.edu/~burnsbr/fastjar/"> (check <url id="http://www.debian.org/Lists-Archives/debian-java-9908/msg00015.html">
-
-<item><package>java2html</package>. Highlits Java sources for WWW presentations.
-
-<item><package>gcj</package> The GNU compiler for Java(TM).
-
-<item><package>global</package>.Source code search and browse.
-
-
-<item><package>guavac</package>. A java compiler.
-
-<item><package>jikes</package>. Fast Java compiler adhering to language and VM specifications
-
-<item><package>jikes-pg</package>.Jikes Parser Generator.
-
-<item><package>oo-browser</package>.Object Oriented (X)Emacs Class Browser.
-
-
-<item><package>mmake</package>.Makefile generator for Java programs.
-
-
-<item><package>cocoon</package>. A XML/XSL publishing framework servlet
-
-<item><package>bsh</package> A Java scripting environment.
-<item><package>cup</package>. LALR parser generator for Java.
-<item><package>freetds-jdbc</package>. Pure Java JDBC driver for MS
-SQL and Sybase.
-
-<item><package>gnujsp</package>.
-A free implementation of Sun's Java Server Pages (JSP 1.0)
-
-<item><package>jlex</package>.A Lex-style lexical analyser generator
-for Java
-
-<item><package>jserv</package>Java Servlet 2.0 engine with an optional Apache module
-
-<item><package>tya</package>.JIT-compiler for Java.
-
-
-
-<item><package>ibm-jdk1.1-installer</package>. Installer for IBM
-Developer Kit for Linux, Java(TM) Technology Edition. (see <ref id="installer">).
-
-<item><package>jdk1.1</package>.JDK 1.1.x (Java Development Kit) -
-Runtime only
-
-<item><package>jdk1.1-dev</package> JDK 1.1.x (Java Development Kit)
-
-
-<item><package> biss-awt</package> a Java GUI application programming framework.
-
-<item><package>jdk1.1-native</package>.JDK 1.1.x Runtime - native threads extensions
-
-<item><package>jdk1.1-native-dev</package>. JDK 1.1.x - native threads extensions.
-
-<item><package>vrwave</package>.VRML 2.0 java-based browser
-
-
-</list>
-
-Also many editors (jed, elvis, vim, emacs, fte, xcoral,zed ....) have
-support for Java syntax.
-
-<sect1>Is there a a free javadoc implementation?
-
-<p>You might take a look at <url
-id="http://www.zib.de/Visual/software/doc++/">, it is package for
-Debian, in packages <package>doc++</package> and
-<package>doc++-doc</package> (documentation).
-
-
-<sect>Making packages for Java progams.
-<p>
-
-<sect1>Can the package go to main?
-<p>
-Since there is not yet a free java environment in Debian, the
-dependance on any package to JDK avoids any Java program to be in
-<file>main</file> even if it uses a free license, the program should
-be moved to <file>contrib</file>. <em>But</em> if you can sucessfully
-demonstrate that your program can compile and work with free tools it
-can be moved to <file>main</file>.
-
-<sect1>What virtual packages could I use?
-<p>
-<list>
-<item><package>java-common</package>. It is the Mother Of All Java
-Packages, in the proposed policy. It contains the text of the Policy
-(Docbook), as well as utilities
-scripts (for instance to build a CLASSPATH from a list of jars
-(submissions welcome).
-<item><package>java-virtual-machine</package>
-<item><package>java-compiler</package>
-<item><package>java-compiler-dummy</package>.It is a small tool useful for the transition to the new Policy. Until all
-compilers comply with the Policy, java-compiler-dummy provides the following
-services:
-<list>
-<item>Provides: java-compiler so upper packages are happy,
-<item>set CLASSPATH before calling the real compiler.
-</list>
-<item><package>java-virtual-machine-dummy</package>.It is a small tool
-useful for the transition to the new Policy. Until all virtual machines
-comply with the Policy, java-virtual-machine-dummy provides the following
-services:
-<list>
-<item>Provides: java-virtual-machine so upper packages are happy,
-<item>set CLASSPATH before calling the real VM.
-</list>
-
-</list>
-
-
-<sect>Installer packages
-<p>
-<sect1 id="installer">What Java programs have an installer?
-<p>
-<list>
-<item><prgn>vajava</prgn> is a visual IDE for Java. You can find it in <url id="http://software.ibm.com/ad/vajava">.<em>TODO: check copyright</em>. The installer can be found at <url id="http://www.dat.etsit.upm.es/~jfs/debian/vajava">.
-
-<item><prgn>ibm-jdk1.1</prgn>. Installer for IBM Developer Kit for
-Linux, Java(TM) Technology Edition. It will install an alpha version
-1.1.6 of the IBM Developer Kit. The IBM Developer Kit is a
-development environment for writing applets and applications that
-conform to the Java 1.1 Core API. Its compiler and other tools are
-run from a shell and have no GUI interface.
-<p>
-The IBM Developer Kit includes the IBM JIT (libjitc.so) which is used by
-all tools by default. Look for it in <url id="http://master.debian.org/~doko">. Needs to be upgraded to 1.1.8. However it seems that providing an installer might break their license (see <ref id="ibm-jdk1.1">)
-
-<item><prgn>jdk1.2-installer</prgn>. Look for it in <url
-id="http://www.pobox.com/~julio/debian/jdk1.2-installer/">. This one
-works for the pre-release version, a little work is needed in order to
-install the release candidate version. (Update, April 2000, the link seems
-to be broken, anyone has one?)
-
-
-</list>
-
-
-<sect1>What Java programs could I develop an installer to?
-<p>
-<list>
-<item><prgn>jdk-1.2.2</prgn> SE Standard Edition
- <url id="http://www.javasoft.com/products/jdk/1.2/download-linux.html">.
-
-<item>Blackdown's <prgn>jdk-1.2.2</prgn>
-<item><prgn>jbuilder3</prgn>. A java IDE from Inprise (written in
-java) <url
-id="ftp://ftp.inprise.com/pub/jbuilder/jb3foundation/sol_linux/">.
-Works well.
-
-<item><prgn>netbeans</prgn>. Another java IDE (also written in java) <url id="http://www.netbeans.com/"> for writing bean based GUI apps.
-</list>
-
-<chapt>Java servlets
-<p>
-<sect>How can I make Java servlets work?
-<p>You can use:
-<list>
-<item>GNUJSP
-<item>Apache Jserv. <url id="http://java.apache.org/jserv/index.html">.
-</list>
-Also others not yet packaged for Debian but which migh be soon included are:
-<list>
-<item>tomcat from <url id="://jakarta.apache.org/tomcat/">.
-<item>jigsaw from <url id="http://www.w3.org/Jigsaw/">.
-<item>Jetty <url id="http://mortbay.com/software/Jetty.html"> (tested
-successfully on a potato machine)
-
-</list>
-
-
-<sect>Do servlets work with kaffe?
-<p>The <file>servlet.jar</file> in Kaffe will not work. It is only a shell.
-There is another LGPL implementation that was written by Paul
-and Mark Wielaard. It is available at <url
-id="http://www.euronet.nl/~pauls/java/servlet"> these will have (have been?)
-added Apache JServ package so the user doesn't have
-to download Sun's classes any longer.
-
-<sect>Do I need commercial Java in order to run servlets?
-<P>Not known. Possibly not, need to explain.
-
-<chapt>Java policy
-<p>
-<sect>Is there a Java policy for Debian?
-<p>
-It is still in the works. The current policy addresses <em>some</em>
-of the problems. It has not been officially released. You can find
-it in <url id="http://people.debian.org/~bortz/Java/policy.html">.
-
-<sect>Are there Holes in the Java Policy?
-<p>Yes, some until under discussion. Thus it is <em>very</em> inconvenient to
-use serveral compilers of virtual machines since there is not one
-CLASSPATH setting for all.
-
-<chapt>Running Java in Debian
-<p>
-<sect>Making jdk 1.2 work in Debian
-<p>
-If you wish to use Sun's or Blackdown's jdk 1.2 in Debian you can use
- packages (they are available,
- for the i386 only in aptable directories) from Blackdown <url
- id="http://www.blackdown.org/java-linux/mirrors.html">
-or you can use the following mechanism.
-<list>
-<item>Make a directory under /usr/local (for example /usr/local/sun).
-<item> Download the archine into this directory, then unpack it. A
- directory jdk1.2.2 will be created.
-<item> Adjust the alternatives to work correctly:
-<example>
- update-alternatives --install /usr/bin/javac javac usr/local/sun/jdk1.2.2/bin/javac 120
- update-alternatives --install /usr/bin/java java usr/local/sun/jdk1.2.2/bin/java 120
-</example>
-<item> Check your alternatives with "type"
-<example>
- type javac
- type java
-</example>
-</list>
-
-You should have now a fully working jdk 1.2 environment, virtual machine and compiler included.
-
-
-
-<sect>Is there a way, using free software, to run a Java program in Debian?
-<p>
-Yes there is, since the problem currently now is the jvm you can try to run applications without a jvm. How? Compiling to native code is the solution.
-<sect1>How do I compile to native code?
-<p>
-
-You might be able to use <prgn>gcj</prgn> or <prgn>jikes</prgn> (both free
-programs), to compile the program.
-And use <prgn>gcj</prgn> to convert bytecode to native code. The entire
-sofwtare chain is free.
-
-
-<sect1>Are there any successes using this approach?
-<p>Most certainly, read in <url id="http://www.debian.org/Lists-Archives/debian-java-9911/msg00044.html"> how this was done for the XML parser <prgn>xp</prgn>.
-<example>
-ezili:~/infosystems/XML/Java> gcj --main=UnTag UnTag.java UnTagHandler.java
-/usr/share/java/repository/org/xml/sax/helpers/*.class
-/usr/share/java/repository/org/xml/sax/*.class /usr/share/java/repository/com/j
-clark/xml/sax/*.class /usr/share/java/repository/com/jclark/xml/parse/*.class
-/usr/share/java/repository/com/jclark/xml/tok/*.class
-/usr/share/java/repository/com/jclark/util/*.class
-/usr/share/java/repository/com/jclark/xml/parse/base/*.class
-</example>
-
-<sect1>Are there any problems with this approach?
-<p>
-Yes there are also some problems.
-<p><prgn>gcj</prgn> does not fully support JNI. Tom Tromey is
-responsible for the JNI implementation. As of april 2000
-it is missing one feature (you can't currently compile a
-.class file that uses JNI functions to implement its native methods),
-but Tom is working on this and hope to have it completed "soon".
-<p>Lack of JNI affects use of Classpath (e.g. as an alternative to libgcj)
-as well as small, standalone apps that replace AWT with some really simple
-GUI (like using curses, e.g. for small installers). It also affects projects
-which have native code for performance reasons. At the moment, gcj basically
-forces a CNI port. The only alternative we are aware of is TowerJ, which is
-good for commercial projects, but does not offer anything to free software.
-
-<sect1>Does these work for architectures different than i386?
-<p>Possibly not, since libgcj does not build on sparc and no one has
-tried this for arm.
-
-
-<sect>Other Java programs not yet available on Debian
-<p>
-The following are programs that have not yet been packaged for Debian
-nor is there an installer. There are quite a lot Java programs out
-there and this list is not an exhaustive list, it only includes
-programs that <em>might</em> be packaged for Debian or those that
-someone is working on an installer for:
-<list>
-<item>BlueJ. A development environment for Java with editor, compiler,
-virtual machine and debugger. See <url
-id="http://www.pscit.monash.edu.au/~mik/bluej/">
-<item>Jacob (Java Commando Base): project maintainer and visualiser
-for Java in Emacs. See <url
-id="http://home.pages.de/~kclee/clemens/jacob">.
-<item>Emacs in Java. See <url id="http://jemacs.sourceforge.net/">.
-<item>Netbeans developer, now called <em>Forte</em>. Based on the Javabeans architecture. See
-<url id="http://www.netbeans.com">.Sun recently announced they would
-open-source it. See <url id="http://www.sun.com/forte/tools4dotcom/opensource.html">.
-<item>AnyJ. Graphic environment to develop applications, applets and
-servlets. More info in <url id="http://www.netcomputing.de">.
-
-<item>Free Builder. A Java IDE written in Java and distributed under
-the GPL <url id="http://www.freebuilder.org">.
-<item>CodeGuide. <url id="http://www.omnicore.com">. Free license for
-non-commercial use (CHECK).
-</list>.
-
-
-
-</book>
-
-
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