[debian-edu-commits] [Debian Wiki] Update of "DebianEdu/Documentation/Bullseye/Installation" by WolfgangSchweer
Debian Wiki
wiki at debian.org
Mon Jan 18 20:42:26 GMT 2021
Dear Wiki user,
You have subscribed to a wiki page or wiki category on "Debian Wiki" for change notification.
The "DebianEdu/Documentation/Bullseye/Installation" page has been changed by WolfgangSchweer:
https://wiki.debian.org/DebianEdu/Documentation/Bullseye/Installation?action=diff&rev1=19&rev2=20
Comment:
update after major changes, images still to be done once desktop-base provides SVG files
=== Main server installation scenarios ===
A. Typical school or home network with Internet access through a router providing DHCP:
- * Installation of a main server is possible, but after reboot there will be no internet access (due to primary network interface IP 10.0.2.2/8).
+ * Installation of a main server is possible, but after reboot there will be no Internet access (due to primary network interface IP 10.0.2.2/8).
* See the [[DebianEdu/Documentation/Bullseye/Requirements#Internet_router|Internet router]] chapter for details how to set up a gateway if it is not possible to configure an existing one as needed.
* Connect all components like shown in the [[DebianEdu/Documentation/Bullseye/Architecture#Network|architecture]] chapter.
* The main server should have Internet connection once bootet the first time in the correct environment.
@@ -83, +83 @@
* Choose 'Do not configure the network at this time' (after DHCP failed to configure the network and you pressed 'Continue').
* Update the system once bootet the first time in the correct environment with Internet access.
- === Desktop choice ===
+ === Desktop environments ===
* KDE and GNOME both have good language support, but too big a footprint for both older computers and for LTSP clients.
+ + Cinnamon is a lighter alternative to GNOME.
- * MATE is lighter than the two above, but is missing good language support for several countries.
+ * MATE is lighter than the three above, but is missing good language support for several countries.
* LXDE has the smallest footprint and supports 35 languages.
- * LXQt is a lightweight desktop (language support similar to LXDE) with a more modern look and feel (based on Qt just like KDE).
+ * LXQt is a lightweight desktop environment (language support similar to LXDE) with a more modern look and feel (based on Qt just like KDE).
- * Xfce has a slightly bigger footprint than LXDE but a very good language support (106 languages).
+ * Xfce has a slightly bigger footprint than LXDE but a very good language support (106 languages).
-
- Debian Edu as an international project has chosen to use Xfce as the default desktop; see below how to set a different one.
+ Debian Edu as an international project has chosen to use Xfce as the default desktop environment; see below how to set a different one.
=== Modular installation ===
* When installing a system with profile ''Workstation'' included, a lot of education related programs are installed. To install only the basic profile, remove the ''desktop=xxxx'' kernel command line param before starting the installation; see further below for details how this is done. This allows one to install a site specific system and could be used to speed up test installations.
- * Please note: If you want to install a desktop afterwards, don't use the Debian Edu meta-packages like e.g. [[DebPkg:stable/education-desktop-mate|education-desktop-mate]] because these would pull in all education related programs; rather install e.g. [[DebPkg:stable/task-mate-desktop|task-mate-desktop]] instead. One or more of the new school level related meta-packages ''education-preschool'', ''education-primaryschool'', ''education-secondaryschool'', ''education-highschool'' could be installed to match the use case.
+ * Please note: If you want to install a desktop environment afterwards, don't use the Debian Edu meta-packages like e.g. [[DebPkg:stable/education-desktop-mate|education-desktop-mate]] because these would pull in all education related programs; rather install e.g. [[DebPkg:stable/task-mate-desktop|task-mate-desktop]] instead. One or more of the new school level related meta-packages ''education-preschool'', ''education-primaryschool'', ''education-secondaryschool'', ''education-highschool'' could be installed to match the use case.
* For details about Debian Edu meta-packages, see the [[https://blends.debian.org/edu/tasks/|Debian Edu packages overview]] page.
=== Installation types and options ===
@@ -129, +129 @@
<<BR>>
* You can use an existing HTTP proxy service on the network to speed up the installation of the main server profile from CD. Add e.g. {{{mirror/http/proxy=http://10.0.2.2:3128}}} as an additional boot parameter.
* If you have already installed the main server profile on a machine, further installations should be done via PXE, as this will automatically use the proxy of the main server.
- * To install the '''GNOME''' desktop instead of the default '''Xfce''' desktop, replace {{{xfce}}} with {{{gnome}}} in the {{{desktop=xfce}}} parameter.
+ * To install the '''GNOME''' desktop environment instead of the default '''Xfce''' desktop environment, replace {{{xfce}}} with {{{gnome}}} in the {{{desktop=xfce}}} parameter.
- * To install the '''LXDE''' desktop instead, use {{{desktop=lxde}}}.
+ * To install the '''LXDE''' desktop environment instead, use {{{desktop=lxde}}}.
- * To install the '''LXQt''' desktop instead, use {{{desktop=lxqt}}}.
+ * To install the '''LXQt''' desktop environment instead, use {{{desktop=lxqt}}}.
- * To install the '''KDE Plasma''' desktop instead, use {{{desktop=kde}}}.
+ * To install the '''KDE Plasma''' desktop environment instead, use {{{desktop=kde}}}.
- * To install the '''Cinnamon''' desktop instead, use {{{desktop=cinnamon}}}.
+ * To install the '''Cinnamon''' desktop environment instead, use {{{desktop=cinnamon}}}.
- * And to install the '''MATE''' desktop instead, use {{{desktop=mate}}}.
+ * And to install the '''MATE''' desktop environment instead, use {{{desktop=mate}}}.
=== The installation process ===
@@ -168, +168 @@
* After giving the root password, you will be asked to create a normal user account "for non-administrative tasks". For Debian Edu this account is very important: it is the account you will use to manage the Skolelinux network.
/!\ The password for this user '''must''' have a length of '''at least 5 characters''' and '''must differ''' from the '''username''' - otherwise login will not be possible (even though a shorter password and also a password matching the username will be accepted by the installer).
- * Be happy
+ * Wait again in case of a ''combined main server'' after rebooting the system. It will spend quite some time generating the SquashFS image for diskless workstations.
+
+ * In case of a separate LTSP server, the diskless workstation and/or thin client setup needs some manual steps. For details, see the [[DebianEdu/Documentation/Bullseye/HowTo/NetworkClients|Network clients HowTo]] chapter.
+
=== Notes on some characteristics ===
==== A note on notebooks ====
@@ -186, +189 @@
==== A note on CD installs ====
- A netinst installation (which is the type of installation our CD provides) will fetch some packages from the CD and the rest from the net. The amount of packages fetched from the net varies from profile to profile but stays below a gigabyte (unless you choose to install all possible desktops). Once you have installed the main-server (whether a pure main-server or combi-server does not matter), further installation will use its proxy to avoid downloading the same package several times from the net.
+ A netinst installation (which is the type of installation our CD provides) will fetch some packages from the CD and the rest from the net. The amount of packages fetched from the net varies from profile to profile but stays below a gigabyte (unless you choose to install all possible desktop environments). Once you have installed the main-server (whether a pure main-server or combi-server does not matter), further installation will use its proxy to avoid downloading the same package several times from the net.
=== Installation using USB flash drives instead of CD / Blu-ray discs ===
@@ -205, +208 @@
=== Installation and booting over the network via PXE ===
For this installation method it is required that you have a running main server.
- When clients boot via the main network, an iPXE menu with installer and boot selection options is displayed. If PXE installation fails with an error message claiming a XXX.bin file is missing, then most probably the client's network card requires nonfree firmware. In this case the Debian Installer's initrd must be modified. This can be achieved by executing the command:
+ When clients boot via the network, an iPXE menu with installer and boot selection options is displayed. If PXE installation fails with an error message claiming a XXX.bin file is missing, then most probably the client's network card requires nonfree firmware. In this case the Debian Installer's initrd must be modified. This can be achieved by executing the command:
{{{/usr/share/debian-edu-config/tools/pxe-addfirmware }}}
on the server.
@@ -213, +216 @@
{{attachment:30-Main-Server-GRUB_Boot_menu-PXE.png|width=400}}
- This is how the iPXE menu looks with the '''Main Server''' and '''LTSP Server''' profiles:
+ This is how the iPXE menu looks with the '''LTSP Server''' profile:
{{attachment:28-Diskless-WS-GRUB_Boot_menu-PXE.png|width=400}}
@@ -241, +244 @@
To disable or change the use of the proxy when installing via PXE, the lines containing {{{mirror/http/proxy}}}, {{{mirror/ftp/proxy}}} and {{{preseed/early_command}}} in {{{tjener:/etc/debian-edu/www/debian-edu-install.dat }}} need to be changed. To disable the use of a proxy when installing, put '#' in front of the first two lines, and remove the "{{{export http_proxy="http://webcache:3128"; }}}" part from the last one.
- Some settings can not be preseeded because they are needed before the preseeding file is downloaded. These are configured in the PXElinux-based boot arguments available from {{{/srv/tftp/debian-edu/install.cfg}}}. Language, keyboard layout and desktop are examples of such settings.
+ Some settings can not be preseeded because they are needed before the preseeding file is downloaded. These are configured in the PXElinux-based boot arguments available from {{{/srv/tftp/debian-edu/install.cfg}}}. Language, keyboard layout and desktop environment are examples of such settings.
=== Custom images ===
More information about the debian-edu-commits
mailing list