Bug#1040844: /usr/bin/clang++: fails to compile due to missing system headers like iostream

[Marius Mikucionis]

Package: clang-14
Version: 1:14.0.6-12
Severity: normal
File: /usr/bin/clang++

Dear Maintainer,

   * What led up to the situation?

system upgrade (apt update & apt upgrade)

   * What exactly did you do (or not do) that was effective (or
     ineffective)?

Cannot compile a single C++ program which includes system headers like iostream, vector etc.
For example:
clang++ main.cpp
main.cpp:1:10: fatal error: 'iostream' file not found
#include <iostream>
         ^~~~~~~~~~
1 error generated.

clang-tidy also fails the same way.

   * What outcome did you expect instead?

Compile cleanly.

The problem is that the latest clang-14 depends on libstdc++-13-dev but it is not required, consequently was not installed on my system.

After installing it everything works!

Please add this dependency to clang packages.

Thank you!

-- System Information:
Debian Release: trixie/sid
  APT prefers testing
  APT policy: (900, 'testing'), (500, 'stable'), (50, 'unstable')
Architecture: amd64 (x86_64)
Foreign Architectures: i386

Kernel: Linux 6.1.0-9-amd64 (SMP w/32 CPU threads; PREEMPT)
Kernel taint flags: TAINT_PROPRIETARY_MODULE, TAINT_OOT_MODULE, TAINT_UNSIGNED_MODULE
Locale: LANG=en_US.UTF-8, LC_CTYPE=en_US.UTF-8 (charmap=UTF-8), LANGUAGE=en_US:en
Shell: /bin/sh linked to /usr/bin/dash
Init: systemd (via /run/systemd/system)
LSM: AppArmor: enabled

Versions of packages clang-14 depends on:
ii  binutils                2.40.90.20230705-1
ii  libc6                   2.37-5
ii  libc6-dev               2.37-5
ii  libclang-common-14-dev  1:14.0.6-12
ii  libclang-cpp14          1:14.0.6-12
ii  libclang1-14            1:14.0.6-12
ii  libgcc-12-dev           12.3.0-5
ii  libgcc-s1               13.1.0-6
ii  libllvm14               1:14.0.6-12
ii  libobjc-12-dev          12.3.0-5
ii  libstdc++-12-dev        12.3.0-5
ii  libstdc++6              13.1.0-6
ii  llvm-14-linker-tools    1:14.0.6-12

Versions of packages clang-14 recommends:
ii  llvm-14-dev  1:14.0.6-12
ii  python3      3.11.2-1+b1

Versions of packages clang-14 suggests:
pn  clang-14-doc  <none>
pn  wasi-libc     <none>

-- debconf-show failed